Druhá podmienková veta
Tvar
V druhej podmienkovej vete je v 'if' vete použitý minulý jednoduchý čas a v hlavnej vete prítomný podmieňovací spôsob jednoduchý alebo priebehový.
If veta (podmienka) | Hlavná veta (výsledok) |
---|---|
If + minulý jednoduchý | prítomný podmieňovací spôsob jednoduchý alebo priebehový |
If this thing happened | that thing would happen. |
Tak, ako pri všetkých podmienkových vetách, poradie viet nie je nemenné. Možno budete musieť zmeniť poradie zámen a prispôsobiť interpunkciu, keď zmeníte poradie viet, ale význam zostáva rovnaký.
Príklady
- If it rained, you would get wet.
- You would get wet if it rained.
- If you went to bed earlier you wouldn't be so tired.
- You wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
- If she fell, she would hurt herself.
- She would hurt herself if she fell.
Funkcia
Druhá podmienková veta sa vzťahuje k nepravdepodobnému alebo hypotetickému stavu a jeho pravdepodobnému výsledku. Tieto vety nie sú založené na aktuálnych situáciách. V druhej podmienkovej vete je čas teraz alebo kedykoľvek a situácia je hypotetická.
Príklady
- If the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park. (But the weather is bad so we can't go.)
- If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken. (But I am not the Queen.)
- If you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring.
- If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her.
Je správne a veľmi bežné povedať "if I were" namiesto "if I was" (konjuktív).
Príklady
- If I were taller, I would buy this dress.
- If I were 20, I would travel the world.
- If I were you, I would give up smoking.
- If I were a plant, I would love the rain.
V druhej podmienkovej vete môžete tiež použiť modálne slovesá v hlavnej časti vety namiesto "would" pre vyjadrenie miery istoty, povolenia alebo odporúčania ohľadom výsledku.
Príklady
- We might buy a larger house if we had more money
- He could go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.
- If he called me, I couldn't hear.
Prítomný priebehový podmieňovací čas
Prítomný priebehový podmieňovací čas akéhokoľvek slovesa sa skladá z dvoch častí:
would + hlavné sloveso v neurčitku bez "to"
Podmet | + would | + neurčitok |
---|---|---|
He | would | go |
They | would | stay |
To Go: prítomný podmieňovací spôsob
Kladné | Záporné | Opytovacie | Opytovacie záporné |
---|---|---|---|
I would go | I wouldn't go | Would I go? | Wouldn't I go? |
You would go | You wouldn't go | Would you go? | Wouldn't you go? |
He would go | He wouldn't go | Would he go? | Wouldn't he go? |
She would go | She wouldn't go | Would she go? | Wouldn't she go? |
We would go | We wouldn't go | Would we go? | Wouldn't we go? |
They would go | They wouldn't go | Would they go? | Wouldn't they go? |